P'log@Technology: November 2015

Sunday, November 29, 2015

HowTo: Verify My NTP Working Or Not

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bsd-is-ntp-client-working/

HowTo: Verify My NTP Working Or Not

by VIVEK GITEon MARCH 25, 2010 last updated NOVEMBER 29, 2015

I've setup an NTP (Network Time Protocol) client and/or server to manage the system clock over a network. But, how do I verify that it is working correctly?

You can use any one of the following program to verify ntp client configuration:

ntpq - standard NTP query programntpstat - show network time synchronisation statustimedatectl - show or set info about ntp using systemd

ntpstat command

The ntpstat command will report the synchronisation state of the NTP daemon running on the local machine. If the local system is found to be synchronised to a reference time source, ntpstat will report the approximate time accuracy.

exit status

You can use the exit status (return values) to verify its operations from a shell script or command line itself:

exit status 0 - Clock is synchronised.exit status 1 - Clock is not synchronised.exit status 2 - If clock state is indeterminant, for example if ntpd is not contactable.

Type the command as follows:
$ ntpstat
Sample outputs:

synchronised to NTP server (149.20.54.20) at stratum 3 time correct to within 42 ms polling server every 1024 s

Use the echo command to display exit status of ntp client:
$ echo $?
Sample outputs:

ntpq command

The ntpq utility program is used to monitor NTP daemon ntpd operations and determine performance. The program can be run either in interactive mode or controlled using command line arguments. Type the following command
$ ntpq -pn
OR
$ ntpq -p
Sample outputs:

remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== *dione.cbane.org 204.123.2.5 2 u 509 1024 377 51.661 -3.343 0.279 +ns1.your-site.c 132.236.56.252 3 u 899 1024 377 48.395 2.047 1.006 +ntp.yoinks.net 129.7.1.66 2 u 930 1024 377 0.693 1.035 0.241 LOCAL(0) .LOCL. 10 l 45 64 377 0.000 0.000 0.001

The above is an example of working ntp client. Where,

-p : Print a list of the peers known to the server as well as a summary of their state.-n : Output all host addresses in dotted-quad numeric format rather than converting to the canonical host names.

A note about timedatectl command

If you are using systemd based system, run the following command to check the service status
# timedatectl status
Sample outputs:

Fig.01: Is my NTP (systemd-timesyncd) Working?

systemd-timesyncd configuration

If NTP enabled is set to No. Try configuring by editing/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf file as follows:
# vi /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
Append/edit [Time] as follows i.e. add time servers or change the provided ones, uncomment the relevant line and list their host name or IP separated by a space (default from my Debian 8.x server):

[Time] Servers=0.debian.pool.ntp.org 1.debian.pool.ntp.org 2.debian.pool.ntp.org 3.debian.pool.ntp.org

Save and close the file. Finally, start and enable it, run:
# timedatectl set-ntp true
# timedatectl status

Recommend readings:

man ntpq

Twitter Facebook Google+Download PDF version Found an error/typo on this page?

More like this:Debian / Ubuntu Linux Install NTPD To Synchronism Clock With Internet…What are the exit statuses of ssh command?Ubuntu Linux how to set the date and time via Network Time Protocol (NTP)Bourne Shell Exit Status Examples HP-UX UNIX Configure an NTP Server Shell: How to determine the exit status of Linux and UNIX command CentOS / Red Hat Configure an NTP Client And Server CentOS / Redhat Linux: Install OpenNTPD To Synchronize The Local Clock CentOS Linux Install and Configure NTP to Synchronize The System Clock Bash: Find out the exit codes of all piped commands

{ 5 comments… add one }

Philippe Petrinko

Informative and simple. Thanks Vivek

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Wes

You should fix this typo:

>> “exit status 1 – Cock is not synchronised.”

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Nix Craft

Thanks for the heads up. The faq has been updated.

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Philippe Petrinko

Hi Vivek,

Recommend readings link seems to be broken:

“man ntpq”
http://www.manpager.com/linux/man8/ntpq.8.html

I guess you may want to recommend:
http://linux.die.net/man/8/ntpd
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntpd
http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/ntpq.html
http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Support/TroubleshootingNTP
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntpd
http://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/ntpq/
http://www.kossboss.com/linux—maintaining-time-on-debian—datetime-and-ntp-client-and-server

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Nix Craft

Hi Philippe,

The post has been updated. As always, I appreciate your feedback and time :)

REPLY LINK

Thursday, November 12, 2015

Kilopass announces breakthrough memory technology for IoT devices

http://www.digitimes.com//supply_chain_window/story.asp?datepublish=2015/11/11&pages=PR&seq=200

Kilopass announces breakthrough memory technology for IoT devices

Press release [Wednesday 11 November 2015]

Kilopass Technology, Inc., the leading provider of semiconductor embedded non-volatile memory (eNVM) intellectual property (IP), will unveil at ARM TechCon its new eNVM, the X2Bit bitcell, delivering 10X power reduction compared to currently available eNVM technologies.

The patent-pending X2Bit bitcell has been silicon proven since Q2 2015, and its use in the macro-level Gusto product line will be optimized for extremely low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices in Q1 2016.

Kilopass has pioneered the antifuse One-Time-Programmable (OTP) eNVM technologies since 2001, including all variants of 1 transistor (1T), 1.5T, 2T, 3T, and 3.5T versions. A new programming method for its most popular bitcell topology, the 2T bitcell, yielded the 10X improvement in lower power consumption.

"The X2Bit bitcell is a very exciting innovation, and somewhat unexpected in my long career in the non-volatile memory industry," remarks Harry Luan, Kilopass' chief technology officer. "The tenfold improvement is obviously important for the emerging IoT market. But to achieve it without having to change any bitcell architecture, topology, or layout means we can go right to the market and deliver the benefits to our licensees without years of field trial and validation. It's truly remarkable."

The X2Bit bitcell technology

The X2Bit bitcell retains the configuration of the existing bitcell in the current XPM, Gusto-2, and SecretCode OTP products. However, using a patented new programming method, the new bitcell achieves a much lower turn-on voltage, the voltage at which the "1" memory bitcell generates current to distinguish itself from the "0" bitcell. For example, in the 55nm technology, popular for IoT devices, traditional Kilopass OTP bitcells have a typical turn-on voltage of more than 1V. With the X2Bit bitcell, the turn-on voltage that is much lower than 1V. As a result, Kilopass products employing the X2Bit bitcell would operate with core voltage supplies as low as 0.75V that are used in the emerging Ultra-Low-Power (ULP) process technologies from semiconductor manufacturers.

"We are excited about the potential of the X2Bit bitcell memory bitcell," says Linh Hong, vice president of marketing at Kilopass. "The X2Bit bitcell technology is a quantum step forward in the development of antifuse NVM IP in the standard logic process. We believe it's the next natural step to deliver the relentless cost, power, performance and integration improvements the industry demands."

Implementation benefits

The X2Bit bitcell is ideally suited for next-generation IoT devices that demand less than 10uA/MHz in read currents. Currently available eNVM technologies typically consume 100uA/MHz under comparable operating conditions. The X2Bit bitcell lowers the turn-on voltage by optimizing the programming condition. This patent-pending implementation results in a more ohmic programming of the N-MOS transistor with controlled locality toward the source, drain region rather than in the middle of the channel.

Benefits are twofold. First, since power consumption is directly proportional to the square of operating voltage, lowering the read voltage by two-thirds would result in tenfold power reduction. Equally important, with lower turn-on voltage, the memory macro would be able to operate at the same operating voltage as the rest of the chip, without resorting to power consuming charge pumps and voltage regulators.

Availability

Kilopass has completed the mini-array test vehicle of the X2Bit bitcell in a 65nm manufacturing process technology. The first product, likely the next-generation Gusto, using the X2Bit bitcell will tape-out in Q1, 2016. Pricing is available upon request. For more information about taking advantage of the X2Bit bitcell, contact info@kilopass.com.

Kilopass at ARM TechCon

Kilopass will exhibit at ARM TechCon (Booth #827), demonstrating the X2Bit bitcell Wednesday, November 11, and Thursday, November 12, from 11 a.m. until 6:30 p.m. at the Santa Clara Convention Center, Santa Clara, Calif.

For more information, visit http://www.kilopass.com/ or email info@kilopass.com

The cause and cure for cancer

http://dailydigest.com/health/the-cure-for-cancer-otto-hanburg/2647